Hyperpigmentation can be caused by various reasons such as sun exposure, hormonal changes, surgical interventions, inflammations and some diseases. These color changes, which occur due to factors such as melasma, photo-aging, and drug side effects, can be controlled with the right treatment. The treatment protocol includes controlling melanin production, removing pigment from the skin, blocking its transfer, preventing regeneration, and the use of antioxidants. These methods can help manage hyperpigmentation effectively.